A task is expected to take longer than planned.

It sometimes seems obvious how to handle potential delays in a project plan. Other times, it is less clear or there could be knock-on effects that are difficult to assess. At that point, it makes sense to take a step back and explore what other options you might have to address your current dilemma.

Step in the meta-problem	Illustrative Example
Dilemma The high-level issue you are trying to address	A task is expected to take longer than planned.
Goal The change you have decided to make to address the dilemma. There are usually many choices. Selecting the best set is also a meta-problem.	Supporting Goals Plan matches reality. The task is modified to fit in the originally planned time. Maximize the value of the task. Minimize the cost of completing the task.
Problem Space Consider the cluster of adjacent problems that you could solve to deliver the goal.	Options The task could be modified to be easier to complete. The plan could be updated to accommodate more development time. The task could be modified to be more valuable. Different people or resources could be used to complete the task. The task could be removed from the plan (canceled). Et cetera.
Meta-Problem Which of the many possible options is the best set of problems to solve in order to achieve the goal	Decision Criteria Which problem will best support the goal? Which problem will deliver the best outcome for the least amount of time, effort and money? Which problem best fits into the overall work system?
Implement, Learn and Adapt	Observe and learn as you go. New information may reveal itself as you implement your chosen solution, so check continuously that you’re still solving the right problem